介绍 大型航空模型制作结构材料的选择前，先阐述一下选材的原则。除了那些用于专门竞技或科研项目的模型外，航模大都属于消费品范畴，控制制造成本非常重要。特別是进行大批量生产时，选材要易获取、易加工。

Before introducing the selection of structural materials for the manufacture of large aviation models, the principles of material selection should be described first. In addition to those models used for special sports or scientific research projects, most aircraft models belong to the category of consumer goods, and it is very important to control manufacturing costs. Especially for mass production, material selection should be easy to obtain and process.

其次，航模对结构重量的控制非常敏感，因此要尽量选择密度较小的材料，材料密度应显著低于地面及水下交通工具。在确保强度足够的情况下，要多使用轻薄的板材，并设计大量减重孔。固定翼类模型的翼展通常在一两米，尺寸大的可达四五米甚更长。

Secondly, the aircraft model is very sensitive to the control of the weight of the structure, so we should try to select materials with smaller density, and the material density should be significantly lower than that of the ground and underwater vehicles. Under the condition of ensuring sufficient strength, more light and thin plates should be used and a large number of weight reduction holes should be designed. The wingspan of fixed-wing models is usually one or two meters, and the size can reach four or five meters or even longer.

这其中，大多数模型飞行速度较低，机翼的展弦比可达10以上，一些模型滑翔机的展弦比甚高达30以上。这类模型结构尺寸很大，通常采用薄壁结构，为保证在空气动力作用下不发生较大的变形，必须选择刚度大的材料。

Among them, most models have low flight speed, the aspect ratio of wings can reach more than 10, and some model gliders can even reach more than 30. This type of model has a large structure size and usually adopts a thin-walled structure. In order to ensure that no large deformation occurs under the aerodynamic action, the material with large stiffness must be selected.

受航模制造条件和使用范围所限，在选材过程中，除上述要求外，在科研或比赛中使用的各类航模，因用途不同、级别不同，对结构材料的要求也不同。从用途上分，有教练机、滑翔机、特技机、竞速机、载重飞机等;从动力上分，有电机驱动、活塞发动机驱动、涡喷发动机驱动、太阳能驱动（终也由电机驱动）等。

Limited by the manufacturing conditions and scope of use of aircraft models, in addition to the above requirements, various aircraft models used in scientific research or competition have different requirements for structural materials due to different purposes and levels. In terms of use, there are trainer aircraft, glider, stunt aircraft, racing aircraft, heavy aircraft, etc; In terms of power, there are electric motor drive, piston engine drive, turbojet engine drive, solar energy drive (also driven by electric motor eventually), etc.

这些模型对结构材料提出的要求都有差别。例如，与由电机驱动的航模不同，采用活塞发动机驱动的航模须考虑谐振及发动机安装等问题，对结构材料抗震性能的要求较高，发动机的固定也要进行额外的加强处理，需配套安装包括谐振管、油箱等一系列组件。

These models have different requirements for structural materials. For example, unlike the aircraft model driven by the motor, the aircraft model driven by the piston engine must consider the problems of resonance and engine installation. The requirements for the seismic performance of the structural materials are high. The fixing of the engine also needs to be strengthened. A series of components including resonance tube, oil tank and so on need to be installed.

有些模型为了保证可靠性，甚会在关键部位安装角铝、角铁等进行加强。对于一些模型滑翔机，减轻结构重量的要求更突出。为使滑翔距离更远、下坠速率更低，在结构强度允许的情况下，应尽量降低结构重量，如有些模型的机翼仅保留维持翼型和位置的少量支撑件。更多相关内容就来我们网站 //m.leshep.com咨询吧！

In order to ensure reliability, some models will even install angle aluminum and angle iron at key parts to strengthen. For some model gliders, the requirement of reducing structural weight is more prominent. In order to make the glide distance longer and the fall rate lower, the structural weight should be reduced as much as possible if the structural strength allows. For example, the wing of some models only retains a small number of supports to maintain the airfoil and the center of gravity position. Come to our website for more relevant content //m.leshep.com Ask!